Alberto Levy. Director de Consultoría, Innovation & Growth. Deloitte Latin America Countries Organization

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El pensamiento crítico

por Alberto Levy | 02 de Julio de 2008 | Competitividad

Estamos viviendo en un mundo que se está haciendo cada vez más y más complejo y sofisticado.  Desgraciadamente, nuestras formas de pensar, de razonar, casi nunca se adaptan a esa complejidad y a ese nivel de sofisticación con el que tenemos que vivir.  Muchas veces terminamos convenciéndonos a nosotros mismos que todo es más simple que en lo que en realidad es, y manejándonos en la complejidad como si ésta no existiera.  El resultado es que nuestras acciones terminan siendo sobre simplificaciones, muchas veces perjudiciales.

Pero la vida empresaria es compleja, paradójica y ambigua.  Las restricciones que enfrentan actualmente las empresas en un mundo cada vez más turbulento y discontinuo son muy diferentes a las que debían enfrentar las grandes organizaciones burocráticas cuando las situaciones eran estables.

Y todo hace suponer que esta es una tendencia creciente. El desafío y la responsabilidad del N1 y su equipo es aprender a timonear en un entorno con estas características. Evidentemente, no se pueden dar el lujo de sentarse a ver qué pasa.

Cuando la organización debe enfrentar entornos discontinuos, perturbados y turbulentos, se hace cada vez más necesario recurrir a fuentes adicionales de información. Tomar decisiones de innovación se hace progresivamente más difícil. En definitiva, el éxito de la organización de ´re-generarse‘ a su entorno depende de si su gente tiene la habilidad de aprender, aprender a aprender y aprender a desaprender ante el cambio. Cómo hacer un efectivo análisis de situación y evitar profecías autocumplidas.

Para innovar a tiempo, está forzado a enfrentar las condiciones críticas de velocidad,  innovación, análisis y precaución, en un nivel que hasta hace pocos años ni se suponía posible.

Esto requiere del ejecutivo la capacidad de resolver paradojas tales como la de un análisis veloz pero racional. O como la de un N1 fuerte y líder, pero también un equipo que lo secunda fuerte y emprendedor. O la de tomar decisiones arriesgadas, pero no irresponsables. Para ello, no queda otro remedio que usar una de las más afortunadas habilidades del ser humano: el pensamiento crítico.

El N1 y su equipo necesitan manejarse con un esquema común y abarcativo. Un esquema que sirva para lograr una perspectiva compartida de toda la problemática de su empresa. Que sirva para potenciar la capacidad de pensar en forma tanto creativa como disciplinada sobre todos los ángulos de la vida de su organización. Esto permite descubrir nuevas formas de organizarse y nuevas formas de trabajar.

Creo que el humano construye subjetivamente la realidad y que después reacciona ante esa construcción subjetiva como si existiera independientemente de él o ella.

Creo que el hombre influye activamente en la construcción del mundo en el que vive. También creo que es muy útil estar más conscientes de cómo esto sucede. Y también creo que podemos ser simultáneamente más reflexivos y más prácticos cuando tratamos de entender cómo es nuestra empresa y cómo queremos que sea.

CUIDADO: Piense qué debe su empresa aprender. Qué debe aprender a aprender. Qué debe aprender a olvidar.



71 comentarios para “El pensamiento crítico”

  1. Gustavo Flores
    08 de Julio de 2008 a las 12:12

    Avi: muy bueno esta entrada comparto 100 x 100 lo q expresaste, considero que el pensamiento critico es la clave q permite hacer viable y sostenible una organizacion.

    Te felicito x el blog…continuo leyendote!

    slds

    ch!

  2. Juan Manuel Graziani
    08 de Julio de 2008 a las 14:57

    Coincido plenamente con este post.
    Los individuos operan según su propio mapa del mundo, que se construye a partir de un complejo proceso subjetivo, y que una vez constituido actúan de acuerdo a el como si fuera la realidad (y no una simplificación de ella). La falta de información dificulta aun más la toma de decisiones. Los directivos deben decidir rápida y acertadamente en un contexto complejo y con información incompleta. Por lo tanto, no alcanza con una persona que dirija y el resto que siga, sino que se precisa de una actitud colaborativa que permita potenciar las fuerzas intelectuales de manera tal que se pueda operar en una realidad sumamente compleja y cambiante. Cada uno debe reflexionar y seguir un pensamiento crítico para expandir su propio mapa y compartir sus perspectivas con sus colegas para enriquecerlo.

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    Gracias por los comentarios

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