Alberto Levy. Director de Consultoría, Innovation & Growth. Deloitte Latin America Countries Organization

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¿Cómo pensamos cuando creemos que pensamos?

por Alberto Levy | 28 de Octubre de 2008 | Cognición, General

“Asistimos al surgimiento de una ciencia que ya no se limita a situaciones simplificadas, idealizadas, mas nos instala frente a la complejidad del mundo real, una ciencia que permite que la creatividad humana se vivencie como la expresión singular de un rasgo fundamental común en todos los niveles de la naturaleza”. La afirmación pertenece al Premio Nobel, Ilya Prigogine (Prigogine, I. “El fin de las certidumbres”. Santiago de Chile: Andrés Bello, 1996, p. 15), quien sostiene que, a pesar de que la física newtoniana fue conceptualmente desplazada por la mecánica cuántica y la teoría de la relatividad, sus supuestos esenciales —el determinismo y la simetría temporal— gozan aún de buena salud.

Para qué nos sirven todos estos conceptos en momentos como los que estamos viviendo de transformaciones en red de todas las variables económocas, políticas, legales, tecnológicas, sociales, culturales, demográficas, ambientales y comunicacionales, todas juntas, violándose unas a otras, entrelazándose, neutralizándose y potenciándose? 

Por esta razón, tomando como punto de partida el marco interpretativo propuesto por la nueva ciencia del caos y la complejidad, Sanders (Sanders, T.I. (1998). “Strategic thinking and the new science. Planning in the midst of chaos, complexity and change”. New York (NY): Free Press) formula siete principios del pensamiento estratégico que resumen con acierto algunos aspectos destacados de nuestro enfoque:

 Los sistemas deben siempre observarse como un todo y no como un agregado de partes.

 Existe una relación entre el orden y el desorden. El cambio tendiente a la autoorganización sucede como resultado de la interacción entre ellos.

 Cualquier evento acaecido en una parte del sistema, aunque parezca insignificante, puede provocar una tremenda turbulencia en otras.

 Los mapas y modelos mentales facilitan comprender conexiones, relaciones y patrones de la interacción.

 Los relevamientos transdisciplinarios y transectoriales constituyen la clave para detectar condiciones emergentes, cambios de paradigma y oportunidades de innovación.

 El pensamiento no lineal resulta crítico para reconocer las claves del cambio en el entorno.

 La perspectiva es importante cuando se trata de observar eventos caóticos.

Ya van varios posts en los que me estoy refiriendo a esta visión y lo hago porque lo que está viviendo hoy el planeta-en-red no puede ser abordado desde ninguna visión reduccionista lineal mecánica “racional” irresponsable. Sólo puede ser pensada esta locura desde los nuevos paradigmas. De lo que estoy seguro es que este no es el fin de la libertad en el espíritu humano por el emprendimiento. También estoy seguro que ese fin nunca va a llegar ya que es tan parte de la condición humana como lo es parte el concepto de comunidad. La pulsión por Libertad y la pulsión por Comunidad no son contradictorias. Hay otro paradigma surgiendo que puede dejar obsoletos nuestros viejos mapas mentales. Será que hay “izquierda” o “derecha” o será que ahora es “arriba” o “afuera”?

Pensamos que pensamos pero no podemos no pensar CÓMO pensamos.
Fácil de decir. Difícil de hacer. Pero debe ser hecho



108 comentarios para “¿Cómo pensamos cuando creemos que pensamos?”

  1. Me quedé en especial con dos de los siete enunciados del texto:

    “Los sistemas deben siempre observarse como un todo y no como un agregado de partes.”

    “Cualquier evento acaecido en una parte del sistema, aunque parezca insignificante, puede provocar una tremenda turbulencia en otras.

    Quizas al observar y analizar los sistemas, fallamos en lograr la capacidad de verlos como un todo, como una maquinaria ensamblada para un fin. Y es mi humilde (y quizas equivocada, pero aún asi propia) opinión que algo de esta falencia que se menciona se ve reflejada en todos los cambios a los que hace referencia el texto que se está dando en el mundo, en nuestra sociedad. Y esta situación se vislumbra cuando pensamos soluciones a lo que creemos problemas, cuando esas soluciones lo que aparentemente hacen es calmar las aguas por un lado (una parte específica del sistema) pero agitarlas, a corto o largo plazo, por otro (turbulencia en otras partes del sistema, que hasta puede llevar a su desequilibrio total). No esto algo de lo que anda pasando en el mundo?

  2. Así como lo dice RJB, estoy muy de acuerdo con las dos frases que resalta, pero veo que en la práctica diaria, es difícil hacer comprender, y de hecho uno mismo entender los efectos de los cambios en el todo. Siempre estamos dividiendo, fraccionando actividades, procesos, etc, y no vemos los resultados de los pequeños o grandes cambios no pensados de modo sistémico que pueden llevar a una organización a enfrentarse a problemas de magnitud insospechada, pues los cambios muchas veces afectan de modo exponencial y hacia resultados no imaginados.

  3. “Los sistemas deben siempre observarse como un todo y no como un agregado de partes”. Esta frase es un plagio de Karl Marx

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